Indications of stellar coronal mass ejections through coronal dimmings

Coronal Mass Ejections

A coronal mass ejection (CME) is an eruption of billions of tonnes of magnetically charged plasma from a star’s corona. The material ejected is sent into interplanetary space where it eventually dissipates. Should the material collide with a planet then that planet’s electro-magnetic field would be temporarily disrupted. If the Earth’s electro-magnetic field were disrupted by a large CME then p...

Composition of Coronal Mass Ejections

We analyze the physical origin of plasmas that are ejected from the solar corona. To address this issue, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the elemental composition of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) using recently released elemental composition data for Fe, Mg, Si, S, C, N, Ne, and He as compared to O and H. We find that ICMEs exhibit a systematic abundance increase of eleme...

Coronal Waves, Shock Formation and Coronal Mass Ejections

Initiation and propagation of coronal mass ejections

This paper reviews recent progress in the research on the initiation and propagation of CMEs. In the initiation part, several trigger mechanisms are discussed; In the propagation part, the observations and modelings of EIT waves/dimmings, as the EUV counterparts of CMEs, are described.

Kinematical properties of coronal mass ejections

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most dynamic phenomena in our solar system. They abruptly disrupt the continuous outflow of solar wind by expelling huge clouds of magnetized plasma into interplanetary space with velocities enabling to cross the Sun-Earth distance within a few days. Earth-directed CMEs may cause severe geomagnetic storms when their embedded magnetic fields and the shocks a...